There is a difference between a cook and a chef. No, it's not pedigree or formal education. The difference between a cook and a chef is attention to detail. A cook prepares food to feed himself in effort to get that blasted necessity out of the way. He happily eats frozen pizza and tosses his prepackaged salad greens with bottled dressing. A chef, on the other hand, makes the rounds to several markets to get exactly what she needs to prepare a meal from raw ingredients. Nothing packaged (OK, tomato paste aside), nothing harried. Nothing sub-par. If one market has the best black kale, she will stop for that one ingredient, then move on to the specialty cheese shop for a perfectly ripened epoisses and so on, until the components of her meal have been carefully pulled together from the most reliable resources. A chef does not follow trends or dive into the buzz.
Bear with me, you impatient American. You are going to have to read through this blog before starting your meal. Attention to detail and getting yourself prepared before you start to add fire to food is of the utmost important if you want to be distinguished from the cooks.
Today I'm going to teach you how to make a simple braise. Beef short ribs. I went to the meat market today and saw plump, lovely, blood-red ribs. I had no idea what I was going to buy before I set out on my way, and that, again, is the difference between a cook and a chef. A cook has a shopping list. A chef is an clean slate. She goes to the famer's market or the meat market and decides Johnny on the spot what she will make for dinner that evening, and her decision is dictated by what's freshest. A chef lives in the moment. A cook stocks his larder with processed crap that will endure in the freezer into the future. You don't want to be confused with the cook.
Let's get our 'place' (pronounced 'plahs') together, shall we?
Just what is this 'place?' Mise en place is the French term for 'putting in place', or more commonly, but not grammatically correct, 'everything in its place.' It means to gather your ingredients together, and get them prepped before cooking. As you can see, the theme of preparation continues. Preparation is an essential part of cooking well. By the time you get to the stove, everything that you need to prepare your meal should be chopped, organized and at the ready if you want it to turn out the way it's supposed to be. If you are busy chopping and prepping AS you are cooking, your focus will be diverted and you will burn things and generally be out of touch with what's going on in the pot.
First things first. Get your butt to the market. And think seasonally while you're there. The good thing choosing a farmer's market over the grocery store is that everything presented is seasonal, and most often organic. Today I started with meat. I got my beef shortribs from a great butcher here in L.A., and that dictated, along with my kitchen arsenal, what I would make. I, regrettably, did not bring all the stuff that I own to L.A. from the Bay Area, alas, I brought my most important bits (though I am still wringing my own neck for not bringing my Kitchenaid mixer. Ugh!) Here is what I find that I cannot live without:
My glorious mortar and pestle (p.s., as I'm writing this, the smell of my shortribs is growing more and more fragrant).
I rarely use a blender or a food processor. My muscle and this granite baby IS my food processor. I make everything from pesto to vinaigrette in it. It is the one kitchen implement I would take with me, if stranded on a deserted island.
Next, my cast iron. Stop bellyaching about the weight. Aluminum cookware is for shite, unless it's anodized. And don't even think about cooking with that non-stick stuff. It's not healthy and it does not conduct heat the way you need it to if you are a serious chef and not a mere cook (if you are a cook, go for it. The aluminum crap aisle at Ralph's has an entire selection of cookware just waiting for you). Cast iron, steel and copper is the way to go. Anodized aluminum is fine. And yes, you can cook tomato in cast, you just have to be quick about it, and never let it sit in the iron or it'll turn black. Long cooked things do not bode well in naked cast iron, even non-acid things. In this case, you might pick a pot that has been cloaked in enamel. Le Creuset, for instance. Great choice. Later on, I will teach you how to make an omelet in an anodized or steel pan, without non-stick. Yeah. You're a bad ass. You can do it.

Moving along.
First, I want you to take all those lovely veggies you got from the farmer's market, and here's what you found: carrots (3 large), celery - just the lovely yellowee hearts as pictured, the heart yields the most atomic flavor), onion (one medium), 3 cloves of garlic (FRESH. If it's not fresh, it's useless. Buy your garlic often and in small quantity), one medium leek. You will also need copious amounts of red wine (I'm using a cab. Just make sure it's wine that you would actually drink, not cheap swill), dried porcini (a good handful), a couple of tablespoons of tomato paste, a bit of canned organic whole Italian plum tomatoes, and some marjoram. I also got four pounds of short ribs. This meal, along with a salad, is enough for four peeps.

Alrighty. First, reconstitute your mushrooms. Don't ask me how much water. You're a chef, not a cook. Use your gut. A cup of water? Two? Put 'em in a pot with water, boil. Turn off heat. Set aside.
Next, RINSE EVERYTHING. Nothing will kill a meal faster than grit. If someone gets a bit of grit, your credibility is ruined. Trust me. Take special precaution when rinsing the leek and the herbs. For the leek, clean it up like this: chop off the dark green tops just where it starts turning chartreuse. Then take your knife and shave off any dark green bits that might linger until you wind up with a nice pale green stalk. Slice it in half length-wise, then thinly slice it up in demi-luna (half moons). Place this pile in a bowl of cold water, swish it around with your hand to loosen the grit, and let it sit while you chop the other veggies. Then strain it through a fine-meshed sieve and rinse again in the sieve. Dice your carrot, onion and celery. Dice your garlic. Yes, dice. Don't whack it and smash the clove then haphazardly brutalize it with your knife like so many people do. This releases all the juices from the garlic and it can overpower your dish. Remember, you are a chef, you are in control if your product. Just how do you dice that tiny clove? Like you would anything else. Peel it, keeping it in tact, and slice it crosswise, then lengthwise, then crosswise. This is the perfect time for you to be practicing your knife skills. That pile in front of you should be uniform in size so that it cooks uniformly. If you add a sundry of sizes to the pot, they won't cook evenly and you'll end up with large chunks of onion and dissolved pieces of carrot.
A word about the herb. After you've rinsed it, pat it dry with a paper towel. If you chop it wet, you'll end up with a pile of mush. Pull the leaves off of the stalks, give it a good, rough chop. Done.
mirapoix: garlic, onion, leek, marjoram, celery hearts, carrot
Next, take your short ribs, rinse and PAT DRY (*I had the butcher cut four nice ribs in half). By patting them dry they will brown nicely in the pot. If you don't pat them dry, the water will cause them to steam. And where's the flavor in steamed ribs? Next, liberally salt and pepper them and dredge them LIGHTLY in flour. The flour will add body to your braise.
OK, can I just go off on a tangent here? Before we start adding heat to our product? First, we cook with all our senses. Not just smell. We see, we smell, we HEAR. Cooking is a sensual pleasure, which is why I'm convinced that so many Americans don't cook. Still. Even after the food revolution. There should be NO reason why Trader Joe's has such a large audience. The sad truth is that we are not a sensual people. The French are sensual. The Italians and the Spanish are sensual. Take a train from France to Italy to Spain and you'll practically be having a love affair with yourself by the time you get to Barcelona. This is your chance to be sexy. By the time you are ready to brown this meat, you should be fairly liquored up on the bottle of wine you've just opened to make this dinner for you and some hottie you're trying to impress.
Next, take your ribs and Brown all sides. Here's how: Pop those ribs into a cast iron pot (enamel coated), where you've heated olive oil to lightly smoking. Extra Virgin. Anything other than extra virgin is shite. Brown 'em. All FOUR sides. Don't be a lazy ass and just do one or two. The browning is what adds flavor to your finished braise. And don't crowd them on top of one another. They should fit in one layer. You may have to brown these in two batches if your pot is not large enough to hold one layer. And I cannot stress this enough, chef, CONTROL THE HEAT. Start it on high, but lower the heat to medium high as you cook. Don't let the ribs burn, and for god's sake, don't fiddle with them. Don't keep flipping them about or they will never brown! Let them brown, flip. Let them brown, flip. You get the idea. And LISTEN. If it's sizzling and smoking, you've gone too far. Pull back on the heat. You have to learn to cook with your senses, your sense of hearing and sight should tell you to straddle that heat so that it's not too high, but not too low. If it's too high, the flour will burn. If it's too low, you will sweat the meat rather than brown it. If you sweat the meat, you will end up with an unappealing, gray braise, and trust me, no one who has ever served a gray braise has ever gotten laid. So, think, SEXY, browned. SEXY sizzle. SEXY control the flame.
By now, with your mirepoix all chopped up, the wine flowing, your amour-to-be enamored of you, you should be strutting your stuff, so work it!
When you're done browning. Pull the ribs out of the pot, set them aside on a plate. Pour the old oil out of the pot, return the pot to the heat, kick it up to HIGH heat and add some wine. Don't ask me how much. A cup? More? You are now DEGLAZING. What is deglazing? Well, After you've browned something, as you've so sexily done with your ribs, you take a liquid like stock or, in this case, wine and you add it to the pot with all those brown bits stuck to the bottom, and the bubbling action along with your constant scraping incorporates all those lovely, brown, FLAVOR-PACKED bits into what will be your sauce. So scrape scrape scrape as the wine starts to bubble. and keep scraping until all the bits are incorporated, and the wine reduces to a nice, ALMOST syrup viscosity.
While you are doing this, spoon your lovely mushrooms out of their reconstitutional water, give them a good squeeze and set aside. Pour this water through a sieve lined with cheesecloth to filter out the grit into a bowl. And YES you can do two things at once. You're a chef, not a cook. Keep an eye on your deglazing, stirring and deglazing while you're dealing with your mushrooms. Chop your mushrooms up. Don't get crazy. Just whack the pile of shrooms a few times with your knife.
Check on your deglazing. When you've gotten to the ALMOST syrupy viscosity, I want you to throw in all your lovely veggies, along with your mushrooms, a good dose of extra virgin olive oil, and SALT. I cannot stress how important it is to SALT ALL YOUR LAYERS.
Another tangent: salting your layers is imperative. You've salted your meat, now you are salting your poix. If you don't salt as you go, your braise will be bland. You can't just salt the dish at the end and think that it'll suffice. It won't. SALT EVERY LAYER SO THAT EVERYTHING IS SALTED EVENLY AND THROUGHOUT. You should never have to offer salt during a meal, because you've taken the time to make sure that you've salted throughout. When you salt throughout, you have coaxed the flavor from every ingredient within a dish, every step of the way. SALT THROUGHOUT. And if anyone asks for salt during a meal, kick them the hell out of your house. You don't need that person in your life, because he has neither taste nor culture.
Onward.
I want you to sweat these veggies. Don't brown them. Don't burn them. Sweat them till they're good and al dente. You thought that term was reserved for pasta? Wrong. Al dente translates as 'to the tooth', which is what you want your veggies to be, cooked, but with a give in the bite. The salt will aid in the sweating. What does it mean to sweat? It means to soften the veggies without adding color. You sweat on low heat, and it coaxes the moisture out of them, nice and easy. You will, indeed, actually see beads of 'sweat' exuding from your poix. AND LISTEN. When you add the veggies, you can hear them HISS. When they start to SIZZLE CRISPLY, turn the heat down, and keep turning the heat down in degrees so that they always, only, ever, merely hiss. Like a whisper. Sexy, right? This is cooking with the senses folks!
When you've sweated your poix down to al dente, add a good dollop of paste and about a cup of canned Italian tomato. Kick that heat up to HIGH.
My spoon is pointing to PRODUCT 1, tomato paste.
My spoon is pointing to PRODUCT 2, canned tomato.
I want you to now CARAMELIZE your tomato product. What I mean by that is, you have to cook that tomato out. It's a raw product now, yes, RAW. This is where you're a chef. You refer to your ingredients as RAW and PRODUCT. What you have now is RAW TOMATO PRODUCT. It's just begging you to turn it into something sexy. I want you to caramelize it. This is where smell comes in. Stick your nose over the pot. Smell that RAW tomato? It smells sour and tomatoey. Well, I want you to cook it out till it smells SWEET. Do NOT leave the stove now. I want you to stir like nobody's business right now. You will see the bottom of the pot start to darken. DON'T BE SCARED. This is called a FOND. A Fond is that brown crust that is forming. Spin the pot (stoves all have a hot spot. Spin the pot to even out the cooking). Scrape up this fond. And by god, don't even think about turning down the heat!
See how the picture above is a caramel brown, and the one below is getting little darker? Do you smell that sweet tomato smell? YES! You've just owned that tomato! It's no longer raw product, it's yours!
NOW POUR IN SOME WINE! FAST!
This will halt the fond. Take your wooden spoon and scrape up the bits on the bottom. Incorporate it all. High heat. Nice. Now add your reserved mushroom 'liquor', which is the nice, dark liquid that your mushrooms were reconstituting in.
Now I want you to pare off some lemon zest. NOT rind. Just the yellow skin. Use a paring knife, and be careful, just trim off about 2 or 3 strips of that yellow zest. No white pith. Add this to the pot.
Now add your ribs, and make sure you pour in that lovely blood that rendered from the meat while it was resting. Nestle that meat right into that lovely base that you just made.
Bring to a boil, and then pop it into the oven.
Braise for 45 minutes at 350, then turn down to 250 for 2 hours. The lower the heat, the more time it takes, the more tender the meat becomes. If you rush it, the meat will never have time to get tender. Don't be a lazy American. You should have started this braise at 3 in the afternoon to be ready by 7:15.
Take the ribs out and check them. Poke them with a fork. They should fall off the bone. They should be that tender. When you are satisfied with their tenderness, pull them out of the oven and let them rest for 10 minutes. Then serve. Two nice big ribs per person, along with salad and wine, maybe some pureed potatoes. This dish is as rich as they come because of all the collagen in that beef, and you are DEFINITELY going to need to pop another bottle of wine to help you get through it. There is nothing better than this!
Mangia bene, vivi felice!